![]() ![]() ![]() When you have a dozen carrots, you have twelve of them. A mole simply represents Avogadro’s number (6.022 x 1023) of molecules. The following graphic illustrates many of the concepts described above: The Moleįrom the equation above, we can determine the number of moles of reactants and products. The notation above and below the arrows in the graphic below shows that this reaction must occur at a chemical Fe2O3, a temperature of 1000☌, and a pressure of 500 atmospheres. By providing information such as a temperature value, we can determine what conditions are needed for a reaction to take place. It is not uncommon for a variety of information to be written above or below the arrows. One (1) is assumed in the absence of a coefficient. An amount can represent either the relative number of molecules or the relative number of moles (described below). In all chemical equations, coefficients are used to indicate the relative amounts of each substance. Lastly, the (g) sign indicates that the compound is a gas. The (aq) sign stands for aqueous in water and means the compound is dissolved in water. The (l) sign indicates that the substance is liquid. The (s) sign indicates that the compound is solid. There are often chemical equations that show what state each substance is in. By undergoing a chemical reaction, they are fundamentally changed. According to the equation, the reactants (AgNO3 and NaCl) react through some process to form products (AgCl and NaNO3). $$AgNO_3(aq) NaCl(aq)\longrightarrow AgCl(s) NaNO_3(aq)$$ĪgNO3 and NaCl are mixed in this equation. Nomenclature, or naming schemes, should have been covered in earlier readings.Ĭhemical equations are expressions of chemical processes. In this case, chlorine is called “chloride” because of its connection to sodium. We would use the notation “NaCl” to represent a molecule of table salt, sodium chloride, since “Na” stands for sodium and “Cl” stands for chlorine. As an example, the symbol “C” represents an atom of carbon, and “H” represents an atom of hydrogen. It is important to become familiar with these basic symbols in order to be successful in chemistry. To represent the various chemicals in chemistry, we use symbols. For stoichiometry to be useful in running calculations about chemical reactions, a basic understanding of the relationships between products and reactants, as well as their reasons, is needed, which entails learning how reactions are balanced. ![]()
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